Guest post by Robert SommersWith current mortgage rates still hovering just above historical lows, a lot of homeowners are tempted to pay off their original home loan with a second mortgage.A second mortgage is taken out in addition to the existing mortgage and gives a homeowner access to cash in exchange for the equity in their home. Regardless of type, a second mortgage essentially function's as a second lien on your home and thus carries a high potential risk for the underlying lender.
When looking at a second mortgage tool or any other type of home loan that converts home equity into cash, (fixed rate, lines of credit,
reverse mortgage, etc) you definitely need to consider all of the potential risks, as well as the rewards to make sure it's the right one for you.
Home Equity Loan
Home Equity Loans by far are the most popular second mortgage loans among American homeowners. A HEL is secured against the value of the underlying property and allows the homeowner to borrow money against their home's equity. The amount borrowed is dependent upon three things 1. the appraised value of the property, 2. the existing balance of the mortgage, 3. the amount of equity currently held in the property. The loan itself works in a similar way to other conventional loans, in that once approved by the lender, the borrower receives the entire amount as a lump sum.
The interest rate on a HEL is typically fixed, amortized for up to fifteen years and can very often be two or more percentage points higher than the interest rate on a comparable fixed rate conventional mortgage. Depending on factors such as income, debt, credit history, outstanding mortgage balance, and the
value of your home, a lender will lend up to 75% of the borrower appraised property value, minus the balance of the mortgage. For example, if your home has an appraisal value of $570,000 and you still owe $220,000 on the mortgage, you could potentially borrow up to $207,500, if eligible.
Should you happen to fall behind on your payments and foreclosure occurs, your home equity loan lender has a subordinate claim meaning that it is next in line to receive proceeds from the sale of your home after the primary lender is paid.
Home Equity Line of Credit
Home Equity Line of Credit or
HELOC also allows a homeowner to borrow against the value of their home is a. The loan is essentially a form of revolving credit in which your home serves as collateral. There are two major differences between this type of loan and a standard HEL. First, a HELOC typically has a variable interest rate rather than a fixed one, meaning that the amount of your monthly interest changes just as it would for an adjustable rate mortgage. The second difference is that rather than receiving the entire amount as a lump sum at the start of the loan, the borrower is given a predetermined line of revolving credit that has a draw period of 5-25 years during which funds can be drawn whenever needed.
There is a maximum limit that can be taken out and a minimum payment that is due each month, with the borrower given the option to pay off as much of the line as he and/or she wants- much in the same way as you would with a credit card or other revolving line of credit. A big advantage that comes with a HELOC is that the borrower pays interest only on the money that they draw, rather than the entire sum as they would with a Home Equity Loan.
Which Option should you choose?
Each of these options has advantages and disadvantages depending on your particular case. In a situation where you know exactly how much you need and a worthwhile plan for the funds (home repairs, school costs, and medical bills), a standard
home equity loan would probably be your best option. Here you have the advantage of a fixed interest rate and the security of a finite monthly payment that remains unchanged for the life of the loan. This allows you to plan your finances more accurately in the long term.
If your extra expenses are recurring or variable, a
home equity line of credit may be a better option than a HEL. Even though you pay a variable interest rate, you do so only on the money that you draw from the pool of available funds. However, keep in mind that the risk involved is very much similar to that of a credit card - in most cases you will actually receive a card that you can use to withdraw funds from the loan account. This can make it very tempting to spend more than you plan to or need to, and the variable interest rate may potentially cause problems if you end up spending more than you intended early in the life of the loan. Also, watch out for other risks associated with the HELOC's like hidden fees, pre-payments penalties, variable rates,
abrupt freezes (J: Happened to me!!!) and closures.
----------------------------
Robert Sommers is a freelance mortgage and real estate writer located in Baltimore. He has worked for over 25 years as a licensed real estate agent in all areas of commercial and residential real estate.Labels: guest post, helocs, mortgages